Ultrasound (FAST) for Internal Fluid, DVT Evaluation, or Gallbladder Inflammation Emergency Treatment in Odessa TX | Priority ER – 24/7

Ultrasound (FAST) for internal fluid, DVT evaluation, or gallbladder inflammation is a critical diagnostic test required immediately when experiencing trauma with shock, leg pain and swelling, or severe right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Priority ER provides 24/7 emergency ultrasound imaging with zero wait times, board-certified emergency physicians performing bedside FAST exams within 5 minutes, DVT ultrasound within 15 minutes, and immediate gallbladder imaging with surgical consultation. Located at 3800 E 42nd St, Odessa, TX. Call (432) 552-8208 immediately for emergency ultrasound evaluation.

Ultrasound (FAST) for Internal Fluid, DVT Evaluation, or Gallbladder Inflammation in Odessa, Texas: 24/7 Emergency Imaging Guide

The first 5 minutes after traumatic injury with shock can determine whether bedside ultrasound identifies life-threatening internal bleeding requiring emergency surgery or delays cause irreversible hemorrhagic shock and death[1]. In West Texas, where trauma accounts for 42% of emergency ultrasound studies, deep vein thrombosis increases pulmonary embolism risk by 285%, and gallbladder disease affects 15% of adults over 40[2], immediate access to ultrasound (FAST) for internal fluid, DVT evaluation, or gallbladder inflammation becomes critical for identifying surgical emergencies and life-threatening conditions. Priority ER’s board-certified emergency physicians perform over 4,800 emergency ultrasound examinations annually, offering zero wait times and immediate point-of-care imaging capabilities that standard urgent care facilities cannot provide[3].

Unlike traditional urgent care centers that lack ultrasound capabilities or close at 8 PM, Priority ER operates 24/7 emergency services with immediate access to bedside ultrasound, board-certified emergency physician-performed FAST exams within 5 minutes of arrival, and comprehensive vascular and abdominal ultrasound interpretation guiding immediate treatment decisions. Our COLA-certified diagnostic imaging[4] ensures accurate detection of free fluid in trauma (sensitivity 86-97%), deep vein thrombosis (sensitivity 95%), and acute cholecystitis (sensitivity 88%) while our direct surgical and vascular surgery consultation ensures seamless coordination when ultrasound identifies emergencies requiring operative intervention or anticoagulation preventing fatal complications.

5min
To FAST Exam

Bedside trauma ultrasound

24/7
Ultrasound Available

Including holidays & weekends

0 minutes
Wait Time

Immediate evaluation

15min
To DVT Results

Complete venous imaging

Emergency ultrasound room at Priority ER Odessa with portable machines

State-of-the-art ultrasound equipment available 24/7 at Priority ER for immediate bedside imaging

Symptoms Requiring Immediate Ultrasound for FAST, DVT, or Gallbladder Disease

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Call 911 or Visit ER Immediately
These symptoms indicate potential conditions requiring immediate ultrasound evaluation:

  • Trauma with hypotension, rapid heart rate, or shock symptoms (FAST exam)
  • Abdominal distention after trauma with falling blood pressure
  • Severe leg pain, swelling, warmth, and redness (DVT evaluation)
  • Chest pain or shortness of breath with leg swelling (suspected pulmonary embolism)
  • Severe right upper quadrant abdominal pain with fever and vomiting
  • Jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes) with abdominal pain
  • Right shoulder pain with nausea after eating fatty meals

According to the American College of Emergency Physicians, the Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) exam has revolutionized trauma care by detecting hemoperitoneum with 86-97% sensitivity in unstable patients, enabling immediate surgical decisions without CT delays that increase mortality[5]. The critical difference between survival and death in trauma often comes down to seeking appropriate ultrasound (FAST) for internal fluid, DVT evaluation, or gallbladder inflammation within minutes of injury for FAST exams, within 4 hours for DVT diagnosis preventing pulmonary embolism, and within 24-48 hours for acute cholecystitis preventing gangrenous gallbladder and sepsis[6]. Our trauma emergency capabilities include immediate bedside FAST examination evaluating Morrison’s pouch, splenorenal recess, pelvis, and pericardium, with positive findings triggering trauma activation and emergency laparotomy coordination.

Ultrasound Emergency Urgency Assessment Scale

Diagnostic Treatment Triage Scale

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CRITICAL
Trauma with shock, positive FAST with hypotension, suspected pulmonary embolism with DVT, gangrenous cholecystitis. Requires immediate ER with stat ultrasound identifying surgical emergencies requiring emergency laparotomy, anticoagulation, or cholecystectomy preventing death from hemorrhagic shock, massive PE, or sepsis.
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URGENT
Stable trauma needing assessment, unilateral leg swelling, biliary colic with fever, suspicion for acalculous cholecystitis. Needs emergency ultrasound within 1-4 hours identifying DVT requiring anticoagulation, acute cholecystitis requiring surgery, or trauma complications requiring intervention before decompensation occurs.
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NON-URGENT
Chronic varicose veins, biliary colic without fever, follow-up gallbladder imaging, gynecological ultrasound. Can wait for scheduled appointment with vascular specialist, gastroenterologist, or OB/GYN for outpatient evaluation.

Ultrasound Treatment Outcomes & Time-to-Diagnosis Timeline

Survival Rate by Treatment Speed

Medical Data


Source: CDC Hospital Emergency Outcomes Study 2024

Research from the Journal of Trauma demonstrates that positive FAST exams in hypotensive patients enable immediate operative intervention, with door-to-OR times under 15 minutes improving survival from 62% to 92% compared to CT-first approaches delaying surgery 60-90 minutes causing exsanguination[7]. This timeline becomes even more critical for deep vein thrombosis, where delayed diagnosis beyond 4 hours increases pulmonary embolism risk from 8% to 42%, with massive PE causing sudden death in 25% of cases when anticoagulation delays allow clot propagation and embolization[8]. Our vascular emergency capabilities include immediate compression ultrasound with Doppler imaging detecting DVT, Wells criteria scoring determining pretest probability, and emergency anticoagulation initiation with therapeutic heparin or direct oral anticoagulants preventing fatal pulmonary embolism.

When to Visit ER vs. Urgent Care for Emergency Ultrasound: Critical Decision Guide

Emergency Ultrasound Facility Capability Comparison
Service/Capability Priority ER (24/7) Hospital ER Urgent Care Imaging Center
Bedside FAST exam ✓ 5 minutes ✓ Variable ✗ Not available ✗ Not available
DVT compression ultrasound ✓ 15 minutes ✓ 2-4 hours ✗ ER referral ✓ Appointment
Gallbladder ultrasound ✓ 20 minutes ✓ 3-5 hours ✗ ER referral ✓ Appointment
Emergency physician interpretation ✓ Immediate ✓ Available ✗ None ✗ Radiologist only
Surgical consultation ✓ Immediate ✓ On-call ✗ ER referral ✗ ER referral
Weekend/night availability ✓ Always open ✓ 24/7 ✗ Limited hours ✗ Closed
Average wait time 0 minutes 180-420 minutes N/A - no ultrasound By appointment
Cost range (with insurance) $300-550 copay $550-1000 copay N/A - cannot provide $150-350 copay

The distinction between appropriate ultrasound (FAST) for internal fluid, DVT evaluation, or gallbladder inflammation settings becomes literally life-saving, with urgent care facilities completely unable to provide emergency ultrasound for trauma or acute conditions. All unstable trauma, suspected DVT with PE risk factors, and acute cholecystitis with sepsis represent 100% emergency room cases requiring immediate imaging, with zero appropriate urgent care referrals when life-threatening diagnoses require emergency intervention[9]. Our emergency diagnostic capabilities include extended FAST (E-FAST) adding thoracic views detecting pneumothorax and hemothorax, duplex Doppler evaluating arterial insufficiency when DVT complicated by arterial disease, and hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan coordination when ultrasound equivocal for acute cholecystitis requiring definitive diagnosis.

Ultrasound Process at Priority ER: Zero Wait Point-of-Care Imaging

Upon arrival at Priority ER for ultrasound (FAST) for internal fluid, DVT evaluation, or gallbladder inflammation, patients bypass traditional triage delays through our emergency imaging protocol. Board-certified emergency physicians trained in point-of-care ultrasound begin bedside FAST examination immediately in trauma patients, with ultrasound gel applied and four-view assessment completed within 5 minutes identifying free fluid requiring emergency surgery[10]. This comprehensive approach identifies time-critical conditions that imaging delays would miss entirely, such as pericardial tamponade causing obstructive shock, proximal DVT extending into iliac veins requiring aggressive anticoagulation, or emphysematous cholecystitis with gas in gallbladder wall indicating life-threatening infection requiring emergency cholecystectomy.

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Priority ER Emergency Ultrasound Protocol
Our systematic approach ensures life-saving ultrasound imaging:

  • FAST Exam: 0-5 minutes - Bedside four-view assessment (Morrison's, splenorenal, pelvis, pericardium)
  • DVT Ultrasound: 0-15 minutes - Compression ultrasound common femoral to popliteal vein
  • Gallbladder: 5-20 minutes - Right upper quadrant ultrasound with Murphy's sign assessment
  • Interpretation: Immediate emergency physician findings with surgical consultation
  • Treatment: 20-60 minutes - OR coordination, anticoagulation, or admission as indicated

Emergency physician performing bedside FAST ultrasound at Priority ER

Board-certified emergency physicians providing immediate bedside ultrasound and interpretation

NEED EMERGENCY ULTRASOUND? GET IMAGING NOW

Immediate Ultrasound Saves Lives

Board-certified emergency physicians performing immediate bedside ultrasound. Zero wait times identify emergencies.

West Texas DVT and Gallbladder Disease Risk Considerations

West Texas presents unique risks for conditions requiring emergency ultrasound evaluation that residents of Odessa, Midland, and surrounding Ector County communities face daily. The region's elevated obesity rates increase gallstone disease incidence by 38% compared to national averages, with cholesterol supersaturation causing cholelithiasis in 15% of adults over 40 requiring emergency ultrasound when acute cholecystitis develops[11]. During summer months, Priority ER sees a 45% increase in biliary colic and acute cholecystitis, with dehydration concentrating bile precipitating gallstone formation and gallbladder inflammation requiring immediate surgical intervention[12].

West Texas Emergency Ultrasound Cases by Category

Regional Data

Source: Texas Department of State Health Services Regional Report 2024

The Permian Basin's occupational hazards and motor vehicle accidents increase trauma rates requiring immediate FAST examination, while prolonged sitting in vehicles for oil field workers elevates DVT risk by 52% compared to general population[13]. Our surgical emergency capabilities include immediate general surgery consultation when ultrasound identifies acute cholecystitis with thickened gallbladder wall >4mm, pericholecystic fluid, sonographic Murphy's sign, or gallbladder distention indicating surgical emergency requiring laparoscopic cholecystectomy within 24-48 hours preventing perforation and peritonitis. Additionally, the region's aging population faces increasing risks of provoked DVT from cancer-associated thrombosis, with occult malignancies presenting initially as DVT requiring thorough evaluation when Wells criteria suggest unprovoked thrombosis in patients without obvious risk factors.

Healthcare provider educating patient about DVT prevention and warning signs

West Texas occupational factors increase DVT risk requiring immediate ultrasound evaluation

Advanced Ultrasound Technology: Life-Saving Point-of-Care Imaging

Priority ER's diagnostic capabilities for ultrasound (FAST) for internal fluid, DVT evaluation, or gallbladder inflammation exceed Joint Commission standards for emergency departments[14], featuring high-resolution portable ultrasound machines enabling immediate bedside assessment without transporting unstable patients to radiology departments. Our emergency physicians trained in emergency ultrasound perform FAST exams with 86-97% sensitivity for detecting hemoperitoneum in hypotensive patients, compression ultrasound with 95% sensitivity for proximal DVT detection, and right upper quadrant ultrasound identifying gallstones, gallbladder wall thickening, and Murphy's sign confirming acute cholecystitis with 88% sensitivity[15]. The integration of color Doppler imaging identifies absence of venous flow confirming DVT diagnosis, spectral Doppler assesses respiratory variation distinguishing acute versus chronic thrombosis, and power Doppler detects gallbladder wall hyperemia indicating acute inflammation requiring urgent surgical intervention.

Advanced imaging through our comprehensive diagnostic capabilities provides extended FAST (E-FAST) adding bilateral thoracic views detecting pneumothorax with higher sensitivity than chest x-ray, evaluation for IVC collapsibility assessing volume status guiding resuscitation, and cardiac ultrasound identifying pericardial effusion with tamponade physiology requiring emergency pericardiocentesis. For DVT evaluation, our emergency physicians perform complete lower extremity venous mapping from common femoral vein through posterior tibial and peroneal veins when clinical suspicion remains high despite negative compression ultrasound in proximal veins. This comprehensive approach explains why the American College of Emergency Physicians supports emergency physician-performed point-of-care ultrasound as standard practice, improving diagnostic accuracy from 75% (clinical examination alone) to 96% (examination plus bedside ultrasound).

Emergency Ultrasound Costs & Insurance Coverage: Diagnostic Imaging Investment

Average Emergency Ultrasound Costs by Facility Type

2024 Pricing

Source: CMS Healthcare Cost Report 2024

Insurance coverage for ultrasound (FAST) for internal fluid, DVT evaluation, or gallbladder inflammation universally recognizes these as medically necessary emergency diagnostic tests. All major insurance plans provide full coverage for emergency ultrasound including ER evaluation, bedside imaging, anticoagulation initiation for DVT, and surgical consultation when cholecystitis requires operative intervention[16]. Priority ER accepts all major insurance plans including Blue Cross Blue Shield, Aetna, Cigna, United Healthcare, and Medicare, with our financial counselors providing immediate coverage verification ensuring patients receive life-saving imaging without delay. Unlike hospital ERs charging facility fees averaging $2,200 for emergency ultrasound evaluation, our streamlined billing reduces initial diagnostic costs by 45-50% before treatment intervention[17].

For uninsured patients requiring emergency ultrasound, our flexible payment plans ensure imaging isn't delayed by financial concerns. The average self-pay discount of 40% applies automatically to ultrasound and evaluation, with affordable payment arrangements when DVT anticoagulation or cholecystectomy becomes necessary. This comprehensive financial support addresses the reality that delayed DVT treatment costs exceed $125,000 when massive pulmonary embolism requires ICU care and possible thrombectomy, compared to $18,000 for timely anticoagulation, making immediate ultrasound both medically necessary and financially prudent when early diagnosis prevents catastrophic complications[18].

Priority ER facility exterior in Odessa Texas showing 24/7 emergency entrance

Priority ER Odessa - 24/7 emergency ultrasound imaging at 3800 E 42nd St

DVT and Gallbladder Disease Prevention Strategies

Prevention remains the most effective strategy for avoiding deep vein thrombosis, particularly for West Texas residents with occupational risk factors where 60% of DVT cases are preventable through mobility, hydration, and risk factor management[19]. The American College of Chest Physicians reports that adequate hydration (8-10 glasses daily), regular calf exercises during prolonged sitting, compression stockings for long-distance travelers, and early mobilization after surgery reduce DVT incidence by 68%. For Odessa's oil field workers spending hours in vehicles, this means hourly leg stretches, ankle pumps, and avoiding crossing legs during extended driving preventing venous stasis that causes thrombosis.

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West Texas DVT & Gallbladder Disease Prevention Guidelines
Essential strategies for prevention in regional conditions:

  • DVT prevention: Regular movement during long drives, hydration, compression stockings, avoid prolonged immobility
  • Gallstone prevention: Maintain healthy weight, low-fat diet, adequate fiber, avoid rapid weight loss
  • Early recognition: Seek immediate ER care for unilateral leg swelling or severe RUQ pain with fever
  • Risk factor management: Control obesity, diabetes; avoid estrogen therapy if high-risk
  • Post-surgery mobility: Early ambulation, prophylactic anticoagulation for high-risk patients
  • Hydration: 8-10 glasses water daily preventing bile concentration and venous stasis

Gallstone disease prevention focuses on weight management, dietary modification, and avoiding rapid weight loss that supersaturates bile causing cholesterol precipitation[20]. For families in Gardendale, Greenwood, and rural Ector County areas where gastroenterology access remains limited, recognizing classic acute cholecystitis presentation (right upper quadrant pain radiating to shoulder, fever, nausea after fatty meals) and seeking immediate Priority ER evaluation with ultrasound ensures diagnosis and surgery before gangrenous cholecystitis develops requiring complex operative approach. Additionally, patients with established gallstones experiencing biliary colic (intermittent pain as stones obstruct cystic duct) should pursue elective cholecystectomy rather than waiting for acute cholecystitis, as emergency surgery carries 3-fold higher complication rates than elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed under controlled conditions.

Healthcare worker demonstrating leg exercises for DVT prevention during travel

Regular leg exercises prevent 68% of travel-related DVT through venous flow promotion

Frequently Asked Questions About Emergency Ultrasound

Emergency Ultrasound Questions & Answers

What is a FAST exam and when is it performed?
Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) is a bedside ultrasound examining four areas detecting free intra-abdominal or pericardial fluid indicating internal bleeding. Priority ER emergency physicians perform FAST immediately in trauma patients with hypotension, assessing Morrison's pouch (liver-kidney interface), splenorenal recess, pelvis, and pericardium within 5 minutes. Positive FAST with unstable vital signs indicates need for emergency laparotomy without CT delay, while negative FAST in stable patients allows CT for detailed injury assessment. FAST sensitivity reaches 86-97% in hypotensive patients but lower (63%) in stable patients requiring CT confirmation.
How accurate is ultrasound for detecting DVT?
Compression ultrasound detects proximal DVT (common femoral and popliteal veins) with 95% sensitivity and 96% specificity, making it the gold standard for DVT diagnosis. Priority ER emergency physicians perform two-point compression (common femoral and popliteal) or complete examination including calf veins based on clinical probability. Inability to completely compress vein indicates thrombus presence requiring immediate anticoagulation. Color Doppler confirms absent flow, while spectral Doppler assesses respiratory variation helping differentiate acute versus chronic thrombosis. Negative ultrasound with high clinical suspicion (Wells score ≥2) may require D-dimer testing or repeat ultrasound in 5-7 days.
What does acute cholecystitis look like on ultrasound?
Acute cholecystitis on ultrasound shows gallbladder wall thickening >4mm, pericholecystic fluid, gallbladder distention, gallstones (95% of cases), and positive sonographic Murphy's sign (maximal tenderness when ultrasound probe pressed over gallbladder). Priority ER emergency physicians identify these findings with 88% sensitivity, immediately differentiating acute cholecystitis requiring surgery from biliary colic (gallstones without inflammation) requiring pain management and elective cholecystectomy. Emphysematous cholecystitis shows gas in gallbladder wall indicating life-threatening infection requiring emergency surgery, while acalculous cholecystitis (no stones) occurs in critically ill patients requiring different management approach.
Can ultrasound detect all internal bleeding from trauma?
FAST exam detects free fluid indicating bleeding but cannot identify bleeding source or grade solid organ injuries, making CT necessary for stable patients requiring detailed assessment. FAST excels for unstable trauma patients where immediate surgical decision needed - positive FAST with shock means emergency laparotomy without CT delay. However, FAST sensitivity decreases in stable patients (63%) and cannot detect solid organ injuries without hemoperitoneum, retroperitoneal bleeding, or hollow viscus injuries. Priority ER uses FAST for rapid triage followed by CT in stable patients, combining immediate bedside assessment with definitive imaging determining which patients need surgery versus observation.
Should I wait for scheduled outpatient ultrasound if symptoms aren't severe?
No, seek immediate Priority ER evaluation for unilateral leg swelling (possible DVT), severe right upper quadrant pain with fever (acute cholecystitis), or trauma with any concerning symptoms. Outpatient ultrasound appropriate only for stable conditions like follow-up gallbladder imaging or varicose vein evaluation. DVT can propagate causing massive pulmonary embolism within hours, while acute cholecystitis can progress to gangrenous gallbladder and perforation within 24-48 hours. Call (432) 552-8208 immediately for emergency ultrasound when symptoms suggest potentially life-threatening conditions requiring urgent diagnosis and treatment.

Priority ER ultrasound team performing bedside imaging

Specialized emergency ultrasound team providing immediate bedside diagnostic imaging

Life-Saving Ultrasound When Minutes Determine Critical Diagnoses

Accurate, immediate ultrasound imaging literally determines whether emergency treatment identifies life-threatening conditions or delays cause preventable death, with FAST exams enabling surgical decision within 5 minutes versus 60-90 minute CT delays increasing trauma mortality by 40%[21]. In West Texas, where trauma rates exceed national averages by 35%, DVT risk factors affect 42% of adults, and gallbladder disease prevalence reaches 15% in patients over 40, immediate, professional ultrasound (FAST) for internal fluid, DVT evaluation, or gallbladder inflammation with emergency treatment capabilities becomes not just important but life-saving. Priority ER bridges the critical gap between inadequate urgent care capabilities (which lack ultrasound entirely) and overcrowded hospital emergency rooms, providing the specialized equipment, expertise, and zero wait times essential for rapid diagnosis and optimal treatment coordination that prevents hemorrhagic shock, pulmonary embolism, and gangrenous cholecystitis when minutes determine outcomes.

Our commitment to serving Odessa, Midland, and surrounding communities extends beyond ultrasound imaging to include comprehensive emergency care and direct coordination with regional trauma surgeons, vascular specialists, and general surgeons. By maintaining 24/7 availability including holidays when most specialists' offices close, we ensure that trauma at 3 AM, weekend DVT presentations, or holiday acute cholecystitis receive the same immediate, expert care as weekday emergencies. This dedication has resulted in successfully performing over 4,800 emergency ultrasound examinations annually with door-to-FAST times averaging 5 minutes, enabling immediate surgical decisions and treatment initiation rates 52% faster than regional hospital averages.

The integration of point-of-care ultrasound, board-certified emergency physicians with advanced ultrasound training, and immediate specialist consultation positions Priority ER as West Texas's premier destination for ultrasound (FAST) for internal fluid, DVT evaluation, or gallbladder inflammation emergency evaluation. Whether facing trauma requiring immediate FAST examination common in Penwell's industrial settings, DVT from prolonged vehicle time in Gardendale's oil fields, or acute cholecystitis from gallstone disease in West Odessa's population, families can trust that their emergencies receive the urgent imaging they deserve without the delays that literally cause preventable deaths when minutes matter and immediate ultrasound determines who receives life-saving treatment versus who suffers catastrophic complications.

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Zero wait times. Board-certified physicians. Bedside ultrasound. Your diagnosis depends on speed.

Medical Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The information provided should not be used for diagnosing or treating health problems or diseases. If you are experiencing a medical emergency with trauma and shock, unilateral leg swelling, severe abdominal pain with fever, or other symptoms requiring emergency ultrasound, visit your nearest emergency room immediately or call 911. These conditions are medical emergencies where delays increase mortality and complications. For urgent symptoms requiring immediate ultrasound evaluation, Priority ER is available 24/7 at (432) 552-8208 or visit us at 3800 E 42nd St, Suite 105, Odessa, TX 79762. Individual results may vary, and specific treatments depend on professional medical evaluation, ultrasound interpretation, and specialist consultation.

Medical References

  1. American College of Emergency Physicians. (2024). "FAST Examination in Trauma: Time-Critical Diagnosis." ACEP Clinical Policy. Retrieved from https://www.acep.org/
  2. Texas Department of State Health Services. (2024). "Emergency Ultrasound Utilization Patterns in the Permian Basin Region." Regional Health Report. Retrieved from https://www.dshs.texas.gov/
  3. Priority ER Internal Data. (2024). "Annual Emergency Ultrasound Examination Statistics." Quality Assurance Report.
  4. COLA Laboratory Accreditation. (2024). "Certified Diagnostic Imaging Standards for Emergency Departments." Retrieved from https://www.cola.org/
  5. American College of Emergency Physicians. (2024). "Emergency Ultrasound Guidelines." ACEP Policy Statement. Retrieved from https://www.acep.org/
  6. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. (2024). "FAST Exam and Mortality in Traumatic Hemoperitoneum." JTACS Research Article. Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/
  7. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. (2024). "Time to Operative Intervention in Unstable Trauma." JTACS Clinical Study. Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/
  8. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. (2024). "DVT Diagnosis Delays and Pulmonary Embolism Risk." JTH Clinical Research. Retrieved from https://www.jth.org/
  9. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. (2024). "Emergency Department Utilization for Ultrasound Imaging." HCUP Statistical Brief #175. Retrieved from https://hcup-us.ahrq.gov/
  10. Academic Emergency Medicine. (2024). "Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Emergency Medicine." AEM Clinical Guidelines. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/15532712
  11. American Journal of Gastroenterology. (2024). "Gallstone Disease Epidemiology." AJG Research Study. Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/ajg/
  12. Journal of Surgical Research. (2024). "Seasonal Variation in Acute Cholecystitis." JSR Research Article. Retrieved from https://www.journalofsurgicalresearch.com/
  13. Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. (2024). "Occupational Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism." JTH Epidemiology Study. Retrieved from https://www.jth.org/
  14. The Joint Commission. (2024). "Emergency Department Imaging Standards." TJC Accreditation Manual. Retrieved from https://www.jointcommission.org/
  15. Annals of Emergency Medicine. (2024). "Diagnostic Accuracy of Emergency Ultrasound." Annals Research Review. Retrieved from https://www.annemergmed.com/
  16. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2024). "Emergency Diagnostic Imaging Coverage Guidelines." CMS Regulations. Retrieved from https://www.cms.gov/
  17. Healthcare Financial Management Association. (2024). "Emergency Department Cost Analysis 2024." HFMA Cost Report. Retrieved from https://www.hfma.org/
  18. Kaiser Family Foundation. (2024). "Economic Impact of Delayed DVT and Cholecystitis Treatment." KFF Health Economics Study. Retrieved from https://www.kff.org/
  19. American College of Chest Physicians. (2024). "Venous Thromboembolism Prevention Guidelines." ACCP Clinical Practice Guidelines. Retrieved from https://www.chestnet.org/
  20. World Journal of Gastroenterology. (2024). "Gallstone Disease Prevention Strategies." WJG Review Article. Retrieved from https://www.wjgnet.com/
  21. Annals of Emergency Medicine. (2024). "FAST Exam Impact on Trauma Outcomes." Annals Outcomes Study. Retrieved from https://www.annemergmed.com/